What is Xanthelasma?
Xanthelasma is a skin condition characterized by the appearance of yellowish patches on the eyelids, mainly in the inner corner of the eyes. These lesions are due to an accumulation of lipids (cholesterol and triglycerides) in certain skin cells. Although painless and benign, xanthelasma can be a source of aesthetic discomfort, as it alters the harmony of the eyes and sometimes gives a tired or aged appearance.
At the Biolaser Center in Saint-Louis, we offer an effective treatment of xanthelasma with CO₂ laser, a reference technique for safely removing these lesions.
Causes of Xanthelasma
Xanthelasma is mainly linked to cholesterol deposits under the skin, but it can be influenced by several factors. Here is a detailed explanation of the causes and risk factors associated with xanthelasma:
1. Hyperlipidemia:
– High Cholesterol: A common cause of xanthelasma is hyperlipidemia, which is characterized by high levels of lipids (fats) in the blood, including cholesterol. This includes both LDL cholesterol (bad cholesterol) and triglycerides.
– Familial Hypercholesterolemia: A genetic condition that causes high cholesterol levels from a young age, increasing the risk of developing xanthelasma.
2. Genetic factors:
– Hereditary predisposition: Some people have a genetic predisposition to the development of cholesterol deposits, regardless of their blood lipid levels.
3. Associated medical conditions:
– Metabolic Diseases: Diabetes and other metabolic disorders can be associated with high lipid levels and the development of xanthelasma.
– Liver Diseases: Conditions such as primary biliary cirrhosis can affect fat metabolism and contribute to the formation of xanthelasma.
4. Age and Gender:
– Middle to Advanced Age: Xanthelasma is more common in middle-aged and older people, although it can develop at any age.
– Slight Female Predominance: Women appear to be slightly more likely to develop xanthelasma than men, although the reason for this difference is not fully understood.
5. Absence of apparent risk factors:
– It is important to note that xanthelasma can also occur in individuals with normal cholesterol levels and no obvious medical or family history of dyslipidemia.
Understanding the causes of xanthelasma is crucial to assessing the underlying risk of cardiovascular disease and determining appropriate treatment. Even though xanthelasma itself is benign, it may indicate a broader health problem related to lipid metabolism. This highlights the importance of a comprehensive medical evaluation to effectively manage the condition and its underlying causes.
Diagnosis of Xanthelasma
The diagnosis of xanthelasma is usually based on a clinical examination, but it can be supplemented by laboratory tests to assess the underlying factors. Here are the typical steps in the diagnostic process:
Visual Examination
The initial diagnosis of xanthelasma is often based on a visual inspection by a healthcare professional. The characteristic yellowish-colored deposits, located mainly around the eyelids, are usually sufficient to identify the condition.
Medical History
The doctor will discuss the patient’s medical history, including the presence of conditions such as hyperlipidemia, diabetes, or liver disease. Family history of dyslipidemia or cardiovascular disease may also be relevant.
Laboratory Tests
– Lipid profile: Although xanthelasma can be diagnosed clinically, blood tests are often recommended to assess lipid levels. This includes measurements of total cholesterol, LDL (bad) cholesterol, HDL (good cholesterol), and triglycerides. These tests help determine if xanthelasma is associated with hyperlipidemia.
– Additional tests: Depending on the clinical context, the doctor may also recommend tests to assess liver function or blood glucose levels, especially if metabolic or hepatic conditions are suspected.
Biopsy (rarely needed)
In most cases, a biopsy is not necessary to diagnose xanthelasma. However, it can be performed if the diagnosis is uncertain or to rule out other dermatological conditions. A biopsy would reveal the presence of lipid-filled cells in the dermis.
Accurate diagnosis of xanthelasma is important not only for treating the cosmetic condition, but also for identifying and managing potential risks for underlying cardiovascular disease. Patients diagnosed with xanthelasma should discuss the possible implications with their physician and consider measures to manage their lipid levels, if any.
CO2 Laser Treatment for Xanthelasma
Considerations
- Initial consultation: An evaluation by a specialist is essential to determine if CO2 laser treatment is appropriate for the patient, taking into account the size and location of the plaques, as well as the characteristics of the patient’s skin.
Principle of the CO2 laser
- Precise Spraying: The CO2 laser uses a specific wavelength of infrared light to vaporize the surface layers of the skin. This method makes it possible to precisely target cholesterol deposits without affecting the surrounding tissues.
- Stimulation of skin regeneration: By removing xanthelasma plaques, the laser also stimulates collagen production, promoting the regeneration of smoother, more even skin.
Advantages of CO2 laser
- Effectiveness : The CO2 laser is very effective at removing xanthelasma deposits, even those that are deeper or more extensive. The results are usually visible quickly after the procedure.
- Accuracy : The laser’s ability to precisely target affected areas minimizes the risk of damage to surrounding healthy tissue, reducing the chances of scarring or discoloration.
- Recovery Time: While this can vary depending on the size and location of the plates, the recovery time is often shorter compared to more invasive methods like surgical excision.
Procedure and post-procedure care
- The session: The procedure is usually performed under local anesthesia. The patient may experience a slight warm or tingling sensation during treatment.
- Post-Procedure Care: After the treatment, the skin may be red and slightly swollen, similar to a mild sunburn. It is advisable to follow the post-procedure care instructions provided by the clinician, which typically include the application of soothing creams and sun protection to promote healing and prevent hyperpigmentation.
- Results : Aesthetic improvements are often visible within a few weeks, once the skin has healed and the new skin layer has formed.
- Risks and side effects: Although generally safe, CO2 laser treatment can lead to side effects such as redness, swelling, or, in rare cases, scarring. These risks are minimized when performed by experienced professionals.
Which doctor should I consult for xanthelasma?
For the treatment of xanthelasma, it is recommended to consult a doctor who specializes in medical lasers. At the Laser and Aesthetic Center of Saint-Louis, located near Basel, Mulhouse and Belfort, we offer expert management of this skin condition.
CO₂ laser treatment is a gold standard technique for removing these lipid deposits precisely and effectively. Performed under local anesthesia, this outpatient procedure allows satisfactory results to be obtained while minimizing the risk of scarring. With our expertise in laser dermatology, we ensure safe treatment tailored to the needs of each patient.
PRICES – XANTHELASMA CO2 LASER
| Type of treatment | Price |
|---|---|
| Laser CO2 – Xanthelasma | 350 € |
WE ANSWER YOUR QUESTIONS
CO2 laser treatment is generally well tolerated. Local anesthesia is often used to minimize discomfort. Patients may experience a slight sensation of warmth or tingling during the procedure.
In many cases, a single session may be enough to reduce or eliminate xanthelasma plaques. However, this depends on the size and depth of the deposits. Your specialist will be able to give you a more accurate estimate after an initial assessment.
Side effects may include redness, swelling, and a mild sunburn sensation. These effects are usually temporary. Proper post-treatment care helps minimize the chances of scarring or hyperpigmentation.
The recovery period varies depending on the size and location of the treated plates. In general, the skin heals within one to two weeks. It is important to avoid direct sun exposure during the healing period and to apply sunscreen to protect the skin.
Although CO2 laser treatment is effective in removing existing deposits, it does not prevent the formation of new xanthelasmas. Managing cholesterol levels and adopting a healthy lifestyle can help reduce the risk of recurrence.
The CO2 laser is generally safe for most skin types, but people with darker skin may be at a higher risk of hyperpigmentation. A consultation with a specialist is essential to determine the safest and most effective approach.
